Effects of the Replacement Vanadium to Niobium at E347-16 Electrode on Micro-structure and Corrosion Behaviors of Weld Metal

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Gholam Reza Saberi Sani ¹
• Hamed Sabet ²
• Seyed Reza Amir Abadizadeh ³

¹ Faculty of Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering, Islamic Azad University Karaj Branch

² department of materials engineering of karaj branch islamic azad university

³ Member of Mechanical Engineering Department, Tehran South Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this research, effects of the replacement vanadium to niobium at E347-16 electrode on microstructure and corrosion behaviors of weld metal have been studied. For this reason, two types of electrodes have been produced with ferrovanadium and ferroniobium containing at the coat of the electrodes. Specimens were welded by SMAW according to AWS A5.4, then the samples were cuts and prepared from the weld metal for the chemical analysis, corrosion test and metallographic examination. The result of the chemical analysis test and matching with the schaeffler diagram indicated that the micro-structure of the weld metals was composed of the ferrite and austenite. The the metallographic examination results indicated that the weld metal of the electrode containing vanadium had a higher volume percentage of ferrite than that the electrode containing niobium. Also, the results of corrosion tests showed that with replacing vanadium to niobium at the E347-16 electrode, susceptibility of the intergranular corrosion was at the acceptable range, and the resistance to pitting corrosion was not significantly affect, as well as the electrochemical behavior of the weld metals is not that much difference. The final results determined that the replacement of vanadium to niobium at the E347-16 electrode is possible to metallurgical standpoint.

Keywords

• Vanadium
• Niobium
• Electrode E347
• Microstructure
• Corrosion

20.1001.1.22285946.1399.10.39.3.0

---

References

1- J.C.Lippoid, D.J.Kotecki, Welding metallurgy and weldability of stainless steels, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, Newjersey, 2005.  

2- K.H.Lo, C.H.Shek, J.K.Lai, Recent developments in stainless steels, Materials Science and Engineering R, 2009, 65, Pp. 39-104.

3- Atlas Steel, Technical handbook of stainless steels, Atlas Steels Technical Department, 2013, Pp. 1-49.           

4- B.Holmberg, B.Leffler, Stainless steels and their properties, Avesta polarit AB, 2006, Pp.1-45.

5- M.Mcguire, Stainless steels for design engineers, ASM International Materials Park, 2008, Pp.210-240.           

6- ASM Handbook, Properties and selection: irons, steels, and high performance alloys, Vol 1, 10th Edition, ASM International Handbook Committee, 2005, Pp. 312-360.        

 7- ASM Handbook, Welding, brazing, and soldering, Vol 6, 9th Edition, ASM International Handbook Committee, 2002, Pp 410-430.

8-  ف. کاویانی نژاد، فولاد های زنگ نزن و مقاوم به حرارت، فولاد های زنگ نزن و ویژگی های آنها، 1386 ص 21-64،.

9- J. R. Davis, Corrosion of weldments, ASM International Materials Park, USA, December 2006, Pp.60-110.           

10- М.А.Kuznetsov, Е.А.Zernin, V.I.Danilov, D.E.Kolmogorov, L.N.Zoubenko, Corrosion and mechanical properties of austenic steel weld joints, Materials Science and Engineering, 2015, 91, Pp.1-8.       

11- Bhadeshia Harshad K. D. H. Local brittle zones and the role of niobium, Materials Science Forum, 2014, 783-786, Pp. 2129-2135.       

 12- A.I. Filho, R.V. Silva, W.S. Cardoso, L.C. Casteletti, Effect of niobium in the phase transformation and corrosion resistance of one austenitic-ferritic stainless steel, Materials Research, 2014, 17, Pp. 801-806.   

13- R.M.Andrianingtyas, M.S.Anwar, S.Hastuty, I.D.Widharyanti, A.Dahliyanti, N.Prastomo, E.Mabruri, Role of tungsten, niobium and vanadium on corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels in chloride ion environment, AIP Publishing, May 2018,5, Pp.12-44.          

14- P. S. Mitchell, The effect of vanadium on the microstructure and toughness of weld heat affected zones, Iron and Steel, Vol. 40, November 2005, Pp.1-10.   

15- American Welding Society (AWS) A5 Committee on filler metals and allied materials, Specification for stainless steel electrodes for shielded metal arc welding, AWS A5.4/A5.4M:2012.

16- American Welding Society (AWS) A5 Committee on filler metals and allied materials, Standard methods for mechanical testing of welds, AWS A4.0/A4.0M, 2016. 

17- ASTM A 262-02, Standard practices for detecting susceptibility to intergranular attack in austenitic stainless steels, United States, ASTM International, 2002.     

18-  ASTM G 48-03, Standard test methods for pitting and crevice corrosion resistance of stainless steels and related alloys by use of ferric chloride solution, United States, ASTM International, 2003.

19- ASTM G1 – 03, Standard practice for preparing, cleaning, and evaluating corrosion test specimens, United States, ASTM International, 2003.    

20- J. Łabanowski, Stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of dissimilar stainless steels welded joints, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, 2007, 20, 1,225-228.

21- I. Hajiannia, M. Shamanian , M. Kasiri, Microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 347 stainless steel/A335 low alloy steel dissimilar joint produced by gas tungsten arc welding, Materials and Design, 2013,50,566–573.      

22- S.Amina and S.E.Amara, Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and pitting corrosion resistance of AISI 316L stainless steel weldment, The Serbian conference the advances in materials and processing technologies, 2015.

23- S.Prifiharni, M.S.Anwar, A.Nikitasari, E.Mabruri, The Hardness, microstructure and pitting resistance of austenitic stainless steel Fe25Ni15Cr with the addition of tungsten, niobium and vanadium, AIP Publishing, 2018, 5, Pp. 40-58.     

24- M. Esmailian, Corrosion resistance of welds in type 316L stainless steel, Materials Performance, 2017, 56(3), Pp. 58-61.

25- A.B.Rhouma, T.Amadou, H.Sidhom, C.Braham, Correlation between microstructure and intergranular corrosion behavior of low delta-ferrite content AISI 316L aged in the range 550-700 ˚C, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 708, Pp. 871-886.           

26- M.Ghalambaz, M.Abdollahi, A.Eslami, A.Bahrami, A case study on failure of AISI 347H stabilized stainless steel sipe in a petrochemical plant, Case Studies in Engineering Failure Analysis, 2017, Vol 9, Pp. 52-62.      

27- H.S.Lee, J.S.Jung, D.S.Kim, K.B.Yoo, Failure analysis on welded joints of 347H austenitic boiler tubes. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2015, 57, 413 -420.    

28- K. Devendranath Ramkumar, S. Anirudh, Shubham Singh, Sahil Goyal, Effect of fillers on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and hot corrosion behavior of Nb stabilized austenitic stainless steel welds, Journal of materials research, 2017,32,3, 582-598.